Returning the Kidneyshell Mussel to Medway Creek

Kidneyshell (Ptychobranchus fasciolaris) may not be a familiar name, but this small freshwater mussel has an inspiring story in the Thames River watershed. Once found across southwestern Ontario, Kidneyshell populations were hit hard by invasive species, pollution, and habitat degradation. By 2005, Canada listed Kidneyshell as Endangered. Today, reproducing populations remain in only two Canadian rivers: the Sydenham and the Ausable, which are both located next to the Thames River watershed.

But hope is flowing back into Medway Creek, a tributary of the Upper Thames! A dedicated team from Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR), University of Windsor, and local partners, including 糖心直播 (UTRCA), is exploring whether Kidneyshell can be successfully reintroduced to Medway Creek. This would mark a major milestone toward restoring a lost piece of the watershed鈥檚 natural heritage.

To understand how translocated mussels would perform in Medway Creek, the team installed six modified trap cages, each holding 10 tagged Kidneyshell that were raised for nearly 10 years at MNR鈥檚 White Lake Fish Culture Station. This fall, the team returned to carefully retrieve the mussels, record data, and transport them to the Aquatic Life Research Facility in Burlington for the winter. There, they will be monitored and cared for until spring, when they hope to reintroduce them to Medway Creek, along with hundreds of others.

This work follows a careful, science-driven approach that includes:

  • Structured decision-making and risk analysis,
  • Traditional and advanced population assessment tools, including eDNA,
  • Advanced propagation and rearing techniques at White Lake Fish Culture Station,
  • In-stream caging trials that assess survival and habitat quality, and
  • Ongoing monitoring and follow-up.

Freshwater mussel

This project is a powerful example of what a small group of motivated individuals can do. Biologists, hatchery staff, researchers, and on-the-ground conservation practitioners are pooling their skills and passion to give this mussel a second chance in a place where it once thrived.

Restoring Kidneyshell in Medway Creek will take time and continued care, but with a small, dedicated team of supporters and a healthy creek to return to, these mussels may one day anchor a stronger, more resilient aquatic ecosystem in the Thames River watershed.

鈥淭his project is a reminder that stewardship can take many forms, from planting trees and protecting streambanks to planning our communities in ways that support healthy watersheds. Every action that supports clean water and strong habitat contributes to aquatic health. The Kidneyshell translocation shows how far we have to go once a species has reached Endangered or Threatened status and highlights the importance of conserving watershed health before it is lost.鈥 Erin Carroll, Aquatic Biologist, UTRCA

Why Mussels Matter

Freshwater mussels are natural water filters, the livers of the rivers, that help keep water clean. They support fish and invertebrates, and act as indicators of healthy water. Protecting mussels means protecting the entire aquatic ecosystem.

More about Kidneyshell

Kidneyshell (Ptychobranchus fasciolaris)

What is eDNA?

Environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling is a non-invasive advanced scientific tool that can be used to detect and track species for conservation purposes. As fish, mussels, and other animals move through the water, they leave behind tiny traces of DNA from skin cells, waste, or mucus. Scientists collect water samples and test them in a lab to look for these genetic 鈥渇ingerprints.鈥 eDNA sampling, in combination with traditional methods, helps biologists understand Kidneyshell presence or absence in Medway Creek.

What is Propagation?

Mussel propagation usually begins when a pregnant female is collected from the wild and her larvae are carefully extracted. The larvae are then placed onto the correct host fish, where they transform into juvenile mussels. Once juveniles naturally drop off the fish, they are reared in controlled hatchery conditions, where optimal food and water quality are provided to support growth and survival.